The right fence keeps your horses contained, protects them from potential hazards, and contributes to their overall health and well-being. Let’s explore the various types of horse fencing, their benefits, and what factors you should consider to make the best choice for your farm.
What to Consider When Choosing Horse Fencing
Selecting the best fencing for your horses involves more than choosing the materials. You also need to consider a range of factors that influence the effectiveness and longevity of your fence.
Terrain: The type of terrain on your property can significantly impact your fencing choice. Hilly or uneven ground may require more flexible fencing options, such as electric or wire fences that easily adjust to fit the landscape. Conversely, flat terrain offers more options, including vinyl and wood fencing.
Climate: Climate plays a role in the longevity and maintenance needs of your fencing. Wooden fences require more upkeep in wet climates to prevent rot, while vinyl and corral panels are more weather-resistant. Durability becomes an important consideration in areas with extreme weather conditions.
Intended use: Are you fencing a large pasture where horses will graze and roam, or are you creating smaller runs or paddocks off stalls? Different uses may require different fencing solutions to provide both safety and functionality.
Horse behavior: Consider your horses’ behavior and temperament. More spirited horses, larger horses, or horses that spook easily might need stronger or taller fencing (such as corral panels or wire non-climb fences) to guarantee safety and containment. More tame horses that respect fences might do well with less robust options, such as electric or wire fencing.
Complexity of installation: Some fencing types are easier to install than others. Electric and wire fences offer simpler installation, while vinyl fences can be more complex and may require professional assistance. Consider the time, labor, and potential costs involved in the installation process when making your decision.
Budget: Your budget is an essential factor in your decision-making process. Premium options like vinyl have higher initial costs but often offer longer-term savings through reduced maintenance. More affordable options like wire or electric fencing can be effective but may require more frequent upkeep and monitoring.
Visibility: Options such as vinyl and wood fencing are naturally visible. For lower-visibility fences (like smooth wire), adding markers or combining markers with more visible materials can enhance safety.
Surfaces: Ensure the fencing does not have sharp edges or protrusions that could harm your horses. Smooth wire or electric fencing with proper insulators can minimize injury risks.
5 Types of Horse Fencing
Each fencing type has benefits and considerations, from durability to aesthetic appeal.
Electric Fencing
Electric fencing is ideal for farms looking for a flexible and cost-effective solution. It’s particularly useful for creating temporary enclosures or enhancing existing fences.
However, if you plan to add electrical fencing to a current fence, you’ll need wood posts or t-posts. You can also use poly step-in posts or fiberglass rods for a temporary solution for well-trained horses.
Pros:
- Effective deterrent: When touched, it delivers a mild electric shock, teaching horses to respect the boundary without causing harm.
- Use flexibility: It can be used as a standalone solution or combined with other fencing options to increase safety.
- Cost-effective: Electric fencing is typically a budget-friendly choice for horse owners since it’s less expensive to build or install than other fencing types.
Cons:
- Voltage settings: When using electric fencing, it’s crucial to consider the voltage settings to verify the fencing is appropriate for containing horses.
- Power dependency: Electric fencing needs a reliable power source to operate effectively. This means the fence can be compromised in areas with frequent power outages or remote locations without consistent electricity.
- Regular maintenance: Regular maintenance is necessary to inspect for and repair wire breaks, check the voltage levels, and clear any vegetation that may short out the system.
For more about electric fences, check out:
- Determining What Kind of Electric Fence You Need
- Planning for Electric Fences
- Why Use Electric Fencing.
How many strands of electric fence wire does a horse need?
It is generally recommended that you use at least 3 to 4 strands of electric fence wire. The exact number can vary depending on your horses’ heights and behavior.
Typically, the strands should be placed at varying heights to provide coverage from the ground up to about the horse’s chest. A typical setup might include one strand at 18 inches, another at 30 inches, and a third at 48 inches. Adding a fourth strand at the top, at approximately 54-60 inches, can provide additional security (especially for larger or more adventurous horses).
What voltage should a horse electric wire fence be?
The voltage for a horse electric fence should be between 2,000 and 3,000 volts. This range delivers a mild but effective shock that deters horses from challenging the fence without harming them.
It’s essential to regularly check the voltage with a fence tester to verify it remains within this range since vegetation, weather conditions, and the condition of the fence can impact its performance.
Corral Panels
Corral panels are a reliable choice for enclosing or dividing areas. They also offer a versatile and convenient solution for creating temporary or permanent horse enclosures.
Pros:
- Strength: Constructed from steel, this type of fencing is incredibly durable and can withstand significant pressure without bending or breaking.
- Safety: Horses are less likely to injure themselves compared to wire options. Corral panels’ smooth, rounded surface minimizes the risk of cuts and scrapes, making it a safer choice for horses prone to running into fences.
- Portability: Corral panels can be easily moved and reconfigured to suit changing needs. This makes them ideal for temporary setups or when flexibility in enclosure size and shape is required.
Cons:
- Cost: While individual panels may not be prohibitively expensive, the cost can add up if a large area needs to be enclosed.
- Aesthetic limitation: Corral panels can have an industrial look that might only suit some aesthetic preferences.
- Stability: While durable, corral panels may not be as stable as permanent fencing solutions. They might require additional support or anchoring in high-wind areas or where horses push against them.
How long do corral panels last?
The longevity of corral panels largely depends on the materials’ quality and the maintenance level. High-quality panels can last for many years with proper care. Regular inspections for wear and tear and promptly addressing any damage can extend the lifespan of corral panels significantly.
Behlen, 12' Green Corral Panel
Not available online.
{{storeQuantity}} in stock in {{wg.store.city}}
Limited stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Out of stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Not carried in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Cannot be sold in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Priefert, 12' Brown Utility Corral Panel
Not available online.
{{storeQuantity}} in stock in {{wg.store.city}}
Limited stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Out of stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Not carried in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Cannot be sold in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Priefert, Premier/Mustang Panel Round Pen with Bow Gate, 60'
Not available online.
{{storeQuantity}} in stock in {{wg.store.city}}
Limited stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Out of stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Not carried in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Cannot be sold in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Vinyl Fencing
Vinyl fencing combines durability with visual appeal, making it a popular choice for horse owners who want a low-maintenance, attractive option. It’s an excellent long-term investment for those whose budgets allow for a higher initial cost.
Pros:
- Durability: Vinyl fences are resistant to weathering and do not splinter, which reduces the risk of injuries.
- Low maintenance: Vinyl fencing doesn’t require painting or staining and requires minimal upkeep compared to other materials.
- Aesthetic appeal: Vinyl fencing provides a sleek, modern appearance that can improve the visual appeal of your farm.
Cons:
- Initial cost: The initial expense of purchasing and installing vinyl fencing can be high (though lower long-term maintenance costs may offset it).
- Installation: Proper installation is important to ensure the fence remains sturdy and functional, often necessitating hiring experienced professionals.
- Flexibility: Vinyl fencing is less flexible than other options, making it less suitable for uneven terrain where adjustments might be needed to accommodate changes in the landscape.
Can vinyl fencing be repaired if damaged?
Yes, vinyl fencing can be repaired if damaged. Its modular nature generally makes replacing damaged sections straightforward.
The ease of repair and whether you can do it yourself or need professional help will depend on the extent of the damage.
Smooth Wire Fencing
Smooth wire fencing is a versatile and economical option for horse owners. It is a single-strand wire often used with other fencing types to enhance security and containment.
Types of Smooth Wire:
Single-Strand: The most basic form of smooth wire, typically used for simple fencing solutions or as an addition to other fence types.
Barbless or twisted wire/cable: This type consists of two or more strands twisted together (similar to barbed wire but without the barbs), reducing the risk of injury. Some twisted wire types can also be electrified to enhance containment.
Pros:
- Versatility: Smooth wire can be used as a standalone fence or added to existing fences. Its flexibility allows for easy adjustment to fit various terrains and layouts.
- Cost-effective: Smooth wire is generally more affordable than other fencing materials, making it an economical choice for covering large areas.
- Easy installation: The installation process for smooth wire is straightforward, requiring fewer materials and less labor than that of more complex fencing types.
Cons:
- Visibility issues: Horses may not always see the smooth wire clearly, which can lead to accidental collisions. Adding visibility markers can help lessen this risk.
- Maintenance: Regular inspections are necessary to ensure the wire remains taut and free of damage. Loose or broken wires pose safety hazards and need prompt repair.
- Strength: Smooth wire is less robust than other fencing types, making it less suitable for containing larger or more spirited horses without additional reinforcement.
How long does smooth wire fencing last?
Smooth wire fencing can last for several years if properly maintained. Its longevity depends on the quality of the wire, the installation process, and the level of ongoing maintenance. Regularly checking for and repairing any damage will help extend its lifespan.
Red Brand Barbless Cable Fencing, 1,320 ft.
Not available online.
{{storeQuantity}} in stock in {{wg.store.city}}
Limited stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Out of stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Not carried in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Cannot be sold in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Woven or Welded Wire Fencing
Woven and welded wire fencing, often called non-climb or mesh fencing, provides horses with a secure and durable barrier. Woven wire is sold in rolls while welded wire can be found a rolls or panels.
Pros:
- Safety: The small openings in woven and welded wire fencing prevent horses from injuring themselves from getting their hooves or heads caught.
- Durability: Woven and welded wire fences are strong and can withstand significant pressure without breaking, making them suitable for areas where horses may lean against the fence.
- Versatility: This type of fencing can be used for various applications, including pastures, paddocks, and runs. It can be easily adapted to different terrains and layouts.
Cons:
- Initial cost: The initial expense of purchasing and installing woven or welded wire fencing can be higher than other types. However, its durability and safety benefits can offset this cost in the long run.
- Maintenance: While generally low maintenance, these fences still require regular inspections to ensure the mesh is free of breaks or weaknesses.
- Installation complexity: Proper woven and welded wire fencing installation can be more complex and may require professional assistance to ensure the fence is secure and effective.
For more about wire fencing, read Securing Your Farm with Wire Fencing.
What is the difference between welded wire, woven wire, and wire panels?
Welded wire fences: Welded wire fences are made by welding the intersection points of the wires. They are typically sold in rolls and require wooden or steel posts for support during installation. Welded wire fencing is strong and durable but less flexible than woven wire fencing.
Galvanized Welded Wire Fence, 48 in. x 100 ft.
Not available online.
{{storeQuantity}} in stock in {{wg.store.city}}
Limited stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Out of stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Not carried in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Cannot be sold in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Woven wire fences: In woven wire fencing, the wires are woven together to create a flexible mesh. Due to its flexibility and strength, woven wire is commonly used for non-climb fencing, which prevents horses from catching their hooves or heads. This type of fencing is also sold in rolls and requires wood or steel posts for support.
Hutchison Western, 47" 12.5G Woven Wire Field Fence, 330ft
Not available online.
{{storeQuantity}} in stock in {{wg.store.city}}
Limited stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Out of stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Not carried in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Cannot be sold in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Wire panels: These are rigid, prefabricated sections of fencing where the wires are welded together at each intersection point, forming a sturdy and durable grid. Wire panels are typically used for heavy-duty applications and can be easily installed and moved. They provide a strong, secure barrier and are often used for creating temporary or permanent enclosures.
Is non-climb wire fencing safe for horses?
Yes, non-climb fencing is considered safe for horses. This type of woven mesh fencing is designed with closely spaced horizontal and vertical wires, creating small rectangular openings that prevent horses from getting their hooves or heads caught to reduce the risk of injury.
A non-climb wire fence typically uses smooth wire, which is less likely to cause cuts or abrasions if a horse comes into contact with it.
However, a non-climb wire fence is less visible than other fencing options, but it can be combined with top rails or visibility markers to make it more visible to horses.
Hutchison Western, 12.5 GA Stockman's Deluxe Non-Climb Horse Fence, 48" x 100'
Not available online.
{{storeQuantity}} in stock in {{wg.store.city}}
Limited stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Out of stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Not carried in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Cannot be sold in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Hutchison Western, 12.5 GA Stockman's Deluxe Non-Climb Horse Fence, 60" x 100'
Not available online.
{{storeQuantity}} in stock in {{wg.store.city}}
Limited stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Out of stock in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Not carried in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Cannot be sold in {{wg.store.city}} Check nearby stores
Wood Fencing
Wood fencing suits those who appreciate traditional charm and are prepared to commit to ongoing maintenance. It’s ideal for pastures and areas where visual appeal is a priority.
Pros:
- Traditional appeal: Wood fencing is a classic choice with a traditional and rustic charm.
- Customizable: Various wood types are available. Standard options include oak, pine, and cedar, allowing owners to choose the best wood for their needs and preferences.
- Strength: Wood fences provide a sturdy and visible barrier that can withstand the test of time if properly maintained.
Cons:
- High maintenance: Regular inspections, painting, or staining are necessary to protect the wood from weather damage and prolong its lifespan.
- Susceptible to weather damage: Wood fencing needs to be treated and maintained to prevent decay and damage from pests, which can compromise its integrity and appearance.
- Initial cost: While wood fencing is not the most expensive option, materials and installation costs can add up (particularly for larger properties).
What is the best wood for horse fences?
When selecting wood for horse fences, durability, strength, and resistance to weather and insects are important factors. The best woods for horse fencing include:
- Oak: It can withstand heavy impacts from horses and harsh weather conditions. Its dense grain and natural resistance to pests and rot enhance its longevity.
- Cedar: Cedar is another top choice due to its natural resistance to rot and insect infestations. It’s also relatively lightweight and easy to work with.
- Pine (treated): Treated pine is a more affordable option that is quite durable when treated with preservatives to resist rot and pests.
Combination Fencing
Combination fencing involves using two or more types of fencing materials together to create a horse fence that leverages the strengths of each type. This approach can boost safety, durability, and cost-effectiveness while providing a more tailored solution for your needs.
Pros:
- Enhanced safety: Combining fencing types can address the weaknesses of each material. For example, adding a top rail to a wire fence improves visibility and reduces the risk of horses not seeing the fence and getting injured.
- Cost-effective: Using a combination of materials can help manage costs. For example, using electric fencing to upgrade an existing wood fence can reduce the need for additional wood posts and rails, lowering overall expenses.
- Flexibility: Combination fencing allows for customization based on your property’s terrain and specific needs. Different fencing types can be used in various sections to address challenges such as uneven ground or high-traffic areas.
Cons:
- Complex installation: Installing a combination fence is more complicated and may require professional assistance to ensure all components work together.
- Maintenance coordination: Different materials have different maintenance needs, complicating upkeep. For instance, wood sections may need staining, while electric components require regular voltage checks.
- Aesthetic considerations: Mixing different fencing types can sometimes result in a less cohesive look. Ensuring that the materials complement each other aesthetically is important to maintaining the appearance of your property.
Examples of Combination Horse Fences:
- Electric and wood fencing: Adding electric wires to a wooden fence can increase security and prevent horses from leaning on or chewing the wood, prolonging the fence’s lifespan.
- Corral panels and electric fencing: Electric fencing combined with corral panels can enhance security by deterring horses from pushing against or attempting to escape through the panels.
- Vinyl and wire fencing: Combining the aesthetic appeal of vinyl fencing with the cost-effectiveness of wire fencing can offer a visually pleasing yet functional enclosure.
Additionally, many people choose to run a strand of smooth wire or hot fence tape/wire to either increase fence height or discourage leaning. This method can be easily integrated with other types of fencing to enhance their effectiveness and safety.
Horse Fencing Maintenance and Upkeep Tips
Regular maintenance, seasonal adjustments, and timely replacements can extend the lifespan of your fence and prevent costly repairs.
Regular Maintenance
Regular inspections and maintenance can help you identify and address issues before they become major problems:
- Inspect frequently: Walk along the fence line regularly to check for any signs of damage or wear. Look for loose posts, sagging wires, broken boards, and other issues that might compromise your fence’s effectiveness.
- Tighten and repair: Check that all wires are taut and secured. Tighten any loose wires and replace broken insulators in electric fences. Hammer in any loose nails or screws in wooden fences.
- Clean and clear: Remove debris, weeds, and overgrown vegetation from the fence line. This prevents damage, improves the fence’s visibility, and reduces fire hazards.
- Check electric components: For electric fences, regularly test the voltage with a tester to verify it’s delivering the appropriate charge. Inspect the energizer, grounding system, and insulators for signs of wear. Read Monitoring & Fault Finding for more help.
Seasonal Adjustments
Different seasons bring different challenges for maintaining horse fencing. Here are some tips for each season:
- Spring: Spring is an ideal time to conduct a thorough inspection after winter. Check for frost heave on posts and any damage caused by snow and ice. Clean and re-tension wires as needed.
- Summer: In dry conditions, treat wooden fences to prevent cracking and warping. Keep vegetation trimmed back to maintain clear fence lines and reduce fire risk.
- Fall: Prepare for winter by reinforcing weak points and securing all components. Conduct another round of treatments on wooden fences and inspect electric fences for proper functioning.
- Winter: Regularly clear snow and ice from the fence line to prevent damage. Monitor electric fences closely since cold weather can impact battery performance and grounding efficiency.
Signs of Wear and Replacement
Identifying signs of wear early can help you make timely repairs and avoid larger issues.
- Electric fencing: Regularly check insulators, wires, and the energizer. If the voltage drops consistently despite troubleshooting, it’s time to replace components or upgrade the system.
- Corral panels: Check for bent or broken panels, rust, and loose or damaged connectors. Regularly inspect the panel joints and attachments to ensure stability and safety.
- Vinyl fencing: Inspect for cracks, fading, or warping due to weather exposure. While vinyl is durable, extensive damage might require professional repair or replacement.
- Wire fencing: Look for rust, broken wires, and loose connections. Smooth wire should be tensioned regularly, while woven wire requires inspection for breaks and gaps.
- Wood fencing: Look for splintering, rotting, or warping boards. If you notice multiple damaged sections, it’s time to replace entire sections or treat the wood to prolong its life.
Common Questions about Horse Fencing
Which type of fencing material is not recommended for horses?
Barbed wire is not recommended for horse fencing.
If horses come into contact with or try to push through the fence, the sharp barbs on the wire can easily cause cuts, puncture wounds, and lacerations.
What color fence do horses see best?
Horses see yellow and white the best.
Due to their dichromatic vision, horses see in shades of blue and yellow. This means that colors like yellow and white stand out more distinctly to horses, making these colors more visible and easier for them to see.
Choosing yellow or white fencing or adding visibility markers of these colors to existing fences can improve your horses’ safety and well-being.
How high does a horse fence need to be?
A horse fence should typically be at least 54 to 60 inches (4.5 to 5 feet) high. This height prevents horses from jumping over the fence while ensuring their safety and containment.
A slightly higher fence might be needed for mustangs, larger breeds, or more athletic horses.
How far apart should rails be on a horse fence?
Rails on a horse fence should be about 12 to 18 inches apart. This spacing prevents horses from getting their heads or legs caught between the rails.
The number of rails you’ll need will depend on the overall height of the fence, but three to four rails are typically adequate for coverage and security.
How deep should fence posts be for horse fencing?
Horse fence posts should be buried at least 2 to 3 feet deep. This depth provides stability and strength to withstand horses’ leaning or pushing and environmental factors such as wind and weather.
It might be necessary to bury posts even deeper or secure them with concrete in sandy or loose soil.
Read Installing a T-Post Fence and Everything You Need to Know About Fence Posts for more information.
What is the best post spacing for a horse fence?
The best post spacing for a horse fence is generally 8 to 12 feet apart. This spacing ensures the fence remains sturdy and supports the rails or wire.
Closer spacing provides additional strength and helps prevent sagging, especially for high-traffic areas or where horses may lean against the fence.
Making the Right Fencing Decision for Your Horses
By understanding the unique needs of your terrain, climate, and horse behavior, you can select a fencing solution that offers the best combination of security, durability, and cost. Regular maintenance and thoughtful design will keep your fence standing and your horses contained and happy!
